Rootcanals101 - Apical surgery of a lower premolar

Roy Nesari DDS, Board-certified Endodontist in San Francisco. First, this is a graphic video of dental surgery, so apologies to non-dental-professionals who watch. Lower premolar apical surgery. Retreatment was performed first. The tooth was periodontally sound. CBCT taken beforehand (will soon be the standard of care for all endodontic surgery planning). Microscope, ultrasonics, bioceramic putty material were used. The patient was informed of all tx options and given thorough home care instr