Autosomal Dominant Inheritance:
- Individuals affected in every generation
- Some carriers may not manifest disease
- Males and females have equal chance of passing on mutation
- 50% risk to children
Autosomal Recessive Inheritance:
- May be only one generation affected
- Carriers typically do not have condition
- Both parents must be carriers of the mutation
- 25% risk to children
X-linked Inheritance:
- No male-to-male transmission
- Though rare, females can be affected if they inherited two mutations
- Many female carriers (one mutation) will have no symptoms; those that do have milder symptoms than seen in males
- Risk for inheriting an X-linked condition:
- 100% for daughters of affected fathers to be carriers
- 0% for sons of affected fathers to be affected
- 50% for daughters of carrier or affected mothers to be carriers
- 100% for sons of affected mothers to be affected
- 50% for sons of carrier mothers to be affected
Complex Inheritance:
- No clear Mendelian pattern of inheritance
- Clustering of biologically related conditions in the family
- Risk estimates based primarily on empiric data
- The chance of developing a complex trait depends on several factors, which may include:
- The number of relatives affected with a condition (or related conditions)
- How closely one is related to the affected individual(s)
- Similarity of the shared environment and lifestyle factors
- Severity of the condition in the affected relative
- The age at onset in the affected family member
- The sex of the affected family member
- Ethnicity
#AutosomalDominantInheritance #AutosomalRecessiveInheritance #XlinkedInheritance #ComplexInheritance #pedigree #Genetics
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