The Stolen MiG-25 “Foxbat“ and Viktor Belenko’s Defection of 1976
On the 6th of September 1976, a fighter-pilot of the Soviet Union did the unthinkable. During a training mission near the Siberian airbase Chuguyevka, near Vladivostok, USSR pilot Viktor Belenko, flying his Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG-25, nicknamed “Foxbat”, suddenly dove below radar detection elevation, turned off his radio and sped towards Japan as fast as he could.
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In Japan, the aircraft popped up on radar screens after not too long. But due to its speed, before any action could be taken against this potentially hostile intruder, Belenko had already reached the airfield of Hakodate. Rapidly approaching the airport his MiG-25 only had 30 seconds of fuel remaining, and as such Belenko again dove full-speed towards the airfield. During his descent, he narrowly escaped a collision with a Japanese passenger plane, reached the landing strip at a speed that was way too high, knocked over two large antennas on the airfield and with squeaking brakes finally managed to come to a standstill after 250 metres. Viktor Belenko had officially defected to the West.
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The information about the aircraft the U.S. published was that it was a ‘thing from the past’ designed with ‘crude technology’. And that wasn’t too wrong, although a bit exaggerated. The US had indeed overestimated the capabilities of the MiG-25 by a longshot, with US Defence Secretary Schlesinger once stating that the “MiG -25 is the only aircraft scaring all the world.” This conviction stemmed from the Soviets flying MiG-25s over Israel without being intercepted during the Yom Kippur war.
Upon inspection, it became clear the aircraft indeed was easy to repair and could suffer intense heat and damage due to its steel airframe. Its radar had two wavebands, which meant it could not be jammed, something the US was eager to copy. Nevertheless, its radar technology was considered outdated.
Belenko himself revealed a significant amount of information as well. For example, he explained that the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird, a long-range high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft caused enormous frustration within the USSR airforce. It was assumed the MiG-25 was the only soviet aircraft that could intercept the blackbird. The Blackbird would fly at an incredible speed and high altitude on reconnaissance missions, and although the Soviet airforce apparently tried to shoot one Blackbird down by using multiple MiG-25s, the plane simply was too fast for both the MiG-25s and its missiles.
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