MADE AN EXCELLENT LUNCH IN THE FOREST - recipes in nature

Domestic birds of the hen order. Descended from the wild Banking Rooster (See Banking Rooster). Home To. — the most numerous type of page - x. birds. They are bred for meat and eggs, in addition, they get feathers and down. According to the nature of the main product, the breeds are divided into egg-laying, general-use (meat-and-egg), and meat breeds. The breeds of these directions have constitutional and exterior features. Egg-laying eggs are small, grow quickly, and ripen early. K. meat-egg breeds are larger, with well-developed muscles, less early maturing. In roosters, bone outgrowths - spurs - are formed in the lower part of the metatarsus. On the head of K. and roosters there is a comb (leaf-shaped with several teeth, rose-shaped, pod-shaped, and other forms). In egg-laying breeds, the most common is a leaf-shaped ridge, which falls to one side behind the 2nd or 3rd tooth. The beak is slightly curved. The color of the beak and metatarsus in most breeds is the same: yellow, white-pink, black, etc. The color of the plumage is varied. K. egg-laying breeds weigh kg, roosters - kg; meat-egg breeds, respectively, and kg; meat - and kg. Chickens at birth weigh 30-35 g. Chickens of meat-and-egg breeds at 70-80 days of age usually weigh 20-30% more than chickens of egg-laying breeds. Broilers by 60-65 days reach kg. Broiler white meat is a dietary product, it contains over 20% of complete proteins and only 5-7% of fat. Sexual precocity K. (age at the time of laying the first egg) - 5-6 months. Birds of egg-laying breeds are more precocious than those of meat-egg breeds. The egg production of K. egg-laying breeds is 200-220 eggs per year, in the best breeding farms - 220-250, a record - 365. The highest egg production is in interbreed and interline hybrid birds, selected for egg production and egg quality. The first laid eggs weigh 40–50 g, by the age of one year they weigh 55–65 g. Oviposition in K. stops with the onset of molting, which lasts 2-3 weeks for good layers, and two months or more for bad ones. After the end of the molt, oviposition resumes under good feeding and keeping conditions. K. are capable of carrying eggs for approximately 10 years. In industrial farms, it is economically advantageous to use K. only during the first year of oviposition, since egg production decreases by 10-15% per year with age; in breeding farms - 2-3 years, and for the 2-3rd year only highly productive poultry are left. The breeding herd usually consists of 55-60% pullets, 30-35% two-year-olds and 10% three-year-olds. Roosters are used for up to two years, the most valuable - up to three years. The sex ratio in the breeding herd is one rooster per 8-12 K. To obtain food eggs, K. can be kept without roosters. The instinct of incubation is poorly developed in most K. of cultivated breeds. The conclusion of young growth is carried out in Incubators. The period of embryonic development of a chicken is on average 21 days. When incubating all eggs suitable for hatching, several dozen chickens can be obtained from each K.. K. contain in poultry houses (on the floor or in cages). The diet includes grain of 2-3 types - corn, barley, etc. (65-70% of the mass of all dry feed), cake and meal (8-12%), dry animal feed - fish and meat and bone meal (3- 5%), dry yeast (1-3%), root crops, grass flour, mineral feed and vitamins. In countries with developed poultry farming, the feed industry produces ready-made, full-feed mixed feed for poultry of different ages. Large-scale poultry farms and specialized poultry farms have been set up on an industrial basis for the production of eggs and meat. The main tasks of breeding work with C. are the development of specialized egg and meat lines, testing them for compatibility and crossing to obtain hybrid laying hens and broilers.