Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression. Following transcription of mRNA by RNA polymerase, the mRNA is translated into a polymer of amino acids: a protein, as summarized in the central dogma of molecular biology.
As in DNA, mRNA genetic information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides, which are arranged into codons consisting of three bases each. Each codon encodes for a specific amino acid, except the stop codons, which terminate protein synthesis. This process of translation of codons into amino acids requires two other types of RNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA), that mediates recognition of the codon and provides the corresponding amino acid, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), that is the central component of the ribosome’s protein-manufacturing machinery.
Synthesis, Processing and Function
The brief existence of an mRNA molecule begins with transcription, and ultimately ends in degradation. During its life, an mRNA molecule may also be processed, edited, and transported prior to translation. Eukaryotic mRNA molecules often require extensive processing and transport, while prokaryotic molecules do not.
Transcription
Transcription is when RNA is made from DNA. During transcription, RNA polymerase makes a copy of a gene from the DNA to mRNA as needed. This process is similar in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. One notable difference, however, is that eukaryotic RNA polymerase associates with mRNA-processing enzymes during transcription so that processing can proceed quickly after the start of transcription. The short-lived, unprocessed or partially processed product is termed precursor mRNA, or pre-mRNA; once completely processed, it is termed mature mRNA.
Eukaryotic pre-mRNA processing
Main article: Post-transcriptional modification
Processing of mRNA differs greatly among eukaryotes, bacteria, and archea. Non-eukaryotic mRNA is, in essence, mature upon transcription and requires no processing, except in rare cases. Eukaryotic pre-mRNA, however, requires extensive processing.
#GeneticExamQuestionsSolutions #phenotype #Iherb #RNA #genetics #DNA #GeneticsLecture #Cancer #TransferRNAtRNA #GeneticTesting #genes #genomes #transcription #GeneStructure #sequenceOfNucleotides #gene #geneExpression #precursorMRNA #RNAPolymerase #alleles #geneticInformation #codon #premRNA #MessengerRNAmRNA #genotype #chromosome #geneticCode #aminoAcid #eukaryotes #molecularBiology #proteins #Genetics101
1 просмотр
85
32
2 месяца назад 00:14:53 1
What a pity if you don’t know about this method of growing potatoes in tires. Large, many tubers
2 месяца назад 00:22:13 1
How to Build a Carbon Fiber Plane?Process of VTOL Fixed-Wing Drone Construction
2 месяца назад 00:14:33 1
UNTHINKABLE: US Threatens Chinese Banks As China DUMPS More Dollars For Gold
2 месяца назад 00:00:57 1
How small does water get? #shorts #slowmo
2 месяца назад 00:09:13 1
Беседа тренера и знаменитой ученицы Саадат Далгатовой о боксе
2 месяца назад 00:00:58 1
How Much Does an Air Force Pilot Cost?
2 месяца назад 00:03:20 7
J-Five ft Charlie Chaplin Modern Times (2004) HD
2 месяца назад 00:04:12 1
In Hearts Wake - Farewell (Official Music Video)
2 месяца назад 00:09:32 1
Google Maps Data Scraping with Business Emails | Supports Multiple Keywords at Once!
2 месяца назад 00:02:52 7
Texas, Arise - The Cuba | From Russia with Love
2 месяца назад 00:05:39 1
MYTHRIAN - Väinämöisen Polvenhaava (Väinämöinen’s Wounded Knee) OFFICIAL VIDEO
2 месяца назад 00:08:41 1
Самая вкусная и сочная Маковая начинка!
2 месяца назад 00:43:34 1
The Real Impact of American Aid on Palestinian Christians
2 месяца назад 03:00:41 1
Вот что такое Сатсанг на самом деле. Роберт Адамс. [Просветление / Пробуждение]
2 месяца назад 00:05:35 1
Michael Jackson - Stranger In Moscow (Official Video)
2 месяца назад 00:08:04 1
Best Crypto Exchange | Top Crypto Exchanges | Best Cryptocurrency Exchange
2 месяца назад 00:00:50 1
An Experienced Plumber gave me advice! How to easily fix a leaking faucet yourself. #shorts #diy
2 месяца назад 01:14:00 1
193 WUP Walter Veith & Martin Smith - A Woman Riding The Beast - Through Secret Societies, CIA & FBI
2 месяца назад 00:03:52 1
What gives a dollar bill its value? - Doug Levinson
2 месяца назад 00:00:52 1
Pure Pure - Rabbit Hole ( DECO*27) feat. Hatsune Miku - Clay Art
2 месяца назад 00:05:13 1
Céline Dion - My Heart Will Go On
2 месяца назад 00:15:15 1
Просветление | Нет никакого Я в центре Сознания [Адьяшанти]