Fyodor Solntsev 費奧多爾·索賽維 (1801-1892) Romanticism Russian

tonykwk39@ Fyodor Grigoryevich Solntsev (Russian: Фёдор Григорьевич Солнцев) (14 April 1801 – 3 March 1892) was a Russian painter and historian of art. His artwork was a major contribution in recording and preserving medieval Russian culture, which was a common subject of his paintings. He was the main author of the fundamental work Antiquities of the Russian State (ru), the main decorator of interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He discovered and restored mosaics and frescoes of Saint Sophia’s Cathedral and Cathedral of the Dormition of Kiev Pechersk Lavra in Kiev, and of Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir. Fyodor Solntsev, together with Metropolitan Philaret and Archimandrite Photius Spassky (ru) are considered the founders of modern Russian icon painting canon synthesizing ancient Russian traditions, post-Petrine efforts and modern art discoveries. Fyodor Solntsev was born in Verkhne-Nikulskoye (ru) a village near Rybinsk in the Yaroslavl Governorate. His parents were serfs of Count Ivan Alekseyevich Musin-Pushkin (ru). His father, Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev, worked as a box-office attendant for the Imperial theaters in Saint Petersburg and travelled to the village very infrequently while his mother, Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva, was a peasant and lived all her life in the village. Fedor spent his early life with his mother and siblings. After discovering his artistic ability, his master freed the Solntsev family, which allowed Fedor to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1815 and became a pupil of Alexei Yegorov and Stepan Shchukin. Later, Fedor’s younger brother, Yegor Solntsev also graduated from the Imperial Academy of Art and became a notable painter. Fyodo graduated from the Academy in 1824 receiving a “Lesser Gold Medal“ for his painting A Peasant Family. In 1827 he received the “Greater Gold Medal“ from the Academy for his painting Render unto Caesar. In 1836 he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts for his work Meeting of Grand Duke Sviatoslav with John of Tzimiskes. In 1876 Solntsev was appointed Professor of the Academy. Fyodo Solntsev’s work was supported by the President of Imperial Academy of Arts Alexey Olenin and Emperor Nicholas I. The Emperor commissioned Solntsev to decorate dinner parties and embellish his private apartments in the Kremlin. Through his life Solntsev worked on restoration of many Moscow Kremlin buildings including the Grand Kremlin Palace and Kremlin Armoury. He painted Cathedral of Christ the Saviour and other churches in Moscow. Solntsev also worked in Kiev with restoration and describing artefacts of Kiev Pechersk Lavra. He painted the interiors of the Krestovozdvizhenskaya Church (ru) there. Olenin commissioned Solntsev to describe archaeological and historical artifacts of Russian state. Solntsev started to work in 1830. He made more than 3000 highly detailed drawing of different artifacts including the record of all the Kremlin’s riches. Seven hundreds of those drawings made the core for the six-volume publications titled Antiquities of the Russian State. The encyclopedia was published after Olenin’s death using the funds provided by Nicholas I. Solntsev also provided a detailed chronicle of Old Russian style in his book Clothing of Russia. Solntsev died on 3 March 1892 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg. 費奧多爾·格里戈里耶·索賽維Fyodor Grigoryevich Solntsev（俄語：ФёдорГригорьевичСолнцев）（1801年4月14日 - 1892年3月3日）是俄羅斯畫家和藝術史學家。他的作品在錄製和保存中世紀俄羅斯文化方面做出了重大貢獻，這是他繪畫的共同主題。他是俄羅斯國家古蹟（ru）的基本著作的主要作者，他是莫斯科大克里姆林宮內部裝飾的主要裝飾者。他發現和修復了聖索菲亞大教堂和基輔佩喬爾斯克修道院聖母安息大教堂以及弗拉基米爾聖德米特里大教堂的馬賽克和壁畫。 費奧多爾·索賽維與Metropolitan Philaret以及Archimandrite Photius Spassky（ru）一起被認為是現代俄羅斯圖標繪畫經典的合成俄羅斯古代傳統，後Petrine努力和現代藝術發現的奠基人。 費奧多爾·索賽維出生在雅羅斯拉夫爾省雷賓斯克附近的一個村莊Verkhne-Nikulskoye（ru）。他的父母是伊万阿列克謝耶維奇穆辛普希金伯爵（ru）的農奴。他的父親Grigory Konstantinovich Solntsev擔任聖彼得堡帝國劇院的票房服務員，並且很少前往村莊，而他的母親Elizaveta Frolovna Solntseva是一名農民，一生都在村里生活。費多爾早年與母親和兄弟姐妹度過了一生。在發現他的藝術能力之後，他的主人解放了Solntsev家族，該家族允許Fedor於1815年進入聖彼得堡的皇家藝術學院，並成為阿列克謝葉戈羅夫和斯捷潘切金的學生。後來，費多爾的弟弟葉戈爾索爾滕采夫也從皇家藝術學院畢業，成為一位著名的畫家。 索賽維於1824年畢業於該學院，因為他的作品“農民家庭”獲得“次級金獎”。 1827年，他的作品“渲染到凱撒”中獲得了該學院頒發的“大金獎”。 1836年，他因為他的作品“大公爵Sviatoslav與Tzimiskes的約翰的會議”而成為帝國藝術學院的成員。 1876年Solntsev被任命為該&#